Family: ETHMIIDAE (1G 5S +1EX)

Suborder:Glossata Infraorder:Heteroneura Superfamily:Gelechioidea

Ethmia (5S)
Head smooth-scaled
No ocelli
Antenna filiform, 2/3 length of forewing, scape with or without (bipunctella, pyrausta) pecten, flagellum very shortly ciliate
Proboscis well-developed, scaled
Maxillary palps 4-segmented (usually), folded, S4 longest
Labial palp slender, strongly recurved, S2 usually smooth (rough in pyrausta)
Thorax with 4 or 5 black dots
Wings broad. Male upperside hindwing sometimes with a costal brush (dodecea, quadrillella)
Male genitalia characterised by costal joint of valva and specialised gnathos
Univoltine in Britain, except bipunctella which has a partial second brood
Nocturnal, except pyrausta which is diurnal

001 Ethmia dodecea (Dotted Ermel)

002 Ethmia quadrillella (Comfrey Ermel)

ws: 15-19mm; May-Jul; common/tuberous comfrey (Symphytum officinale/tuberosum), lungwort (Pulmonaria officinalis), common gromwell (Lithospermum officinale), wood forget-me-not (Myosotis sylvatica); NS-B - local in fens, wetlands and damp woodland in England

003 Ethmia pusiella (Striped Ermel)

Not recorded in Britain since 1900 and doubtfully British -
​yet it is in the RES main list and not recorded as extinct

004 Ethmia terminella (Five-spot Ermel)

ws: 16-22; Jun-Jul; viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare);
NS-A on vegetated shingle beaches from East Sussex to North Essex.

005 Ethmia pyrausta (Mountain Ermel)

ws: 17-23mm; May-Jun; lesser/alpine meadow-rue (Thalictrum minus/alpinum); RDB - Scottish highlands

006 Ethmia bipunctella (Bordered Ermel)