Suborder:Glossata Infraorder:Heteroneura Superfamily:Papilionoidea
Refs: Wikipedia; BBI (Easterbrook); CBG (Tolman & Lewington); RES Checklist (Agassiz et al); UKButterflies
Ocelli and frenulum absent in all Papilionoidea
The key characteristics that differentiate the Papilionidae from other families are:
An osmeterium: a forked, fleshy eversible organ found in the prothoracic segment of the caterpillar.
Forewing V1a is very short and extends to the dorsum V1b is free and extends to the wing margin. (1a and 1b fused in other Papilionoidea and does not reach the wing margin)
Sclerites of the cervix (?patagia) fused
All legs fully functional in both sexes. Tarsal claws not bifid
Many, but not all, species have a characteristic extension of the hidwing termen at V4 into a tail - hence 'Swallowtail'
Refs: Wikipedia; BBI (Easterbrook); CBG (Tolman & Lewington); RES Checklist (Agassiz et al); UKButterflies
Ocelli and frenulum absent in all Papilionoidea
The key characteristics that differentiate the Papilionidae from other families are:
An osmeterium: a forked, fleshy eversible organ found in the prothoracic segment of the caterpillar.
Forewing V1a is very short and extends to the dorsum V1b is free and extends to the wing margin. (1a and 1b fused in other Papilionoidea and does not reach the wing margin)
Sclerites of the cervix (?patagia) fused
All legs fully functional in both sexes. Tarsal claws not bifid
Many, but not all, species have a characteristic extension of the hidwing termen at V4 into a tail - hence 'Swallowtail'
Subfamily: Parnassiinae (1G 1S)
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Parnassius
001 Parnassius apollo (Apollo) ws: m70-84mm, f76-90mm; May-Sep in Europe; white stonecrop (Sedum album); ~20 British records, most recently 1986, some of which may have been natural vagrants. |
Subfamily: Papilioninae (2G 2S)
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Iphiclides
002 Iphiclides podalirius (Scarce Swallowtail)
ws: m76-82mm, f80-86mm; Mar-Oct in Europe; Prunus spp; ~12 British records, some of which may have been natural vagrants. |
Papilio
003 Papilio machaon (Swallowtail)
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